Lump Sum

Advantages

1. Potential for Higher Returns: Investing a significant amount at once can yield higher returns if the market performs well.
2. Simplicity: A lump sum investment is straightforward, involving a single transaction. 
3. Cost Efficiency: Fewer transactions mean lower costs related to brokerage and transaction fees.

Disadvantages

1. Market Timing Risk: Investing a large amount at once can be risky if the market dips shortly after the investment.
2. Emotional Stress: The fear of market volatility can lead to stress and potential poor decision-making. 
3. Liquidity Issues: A significant amount of capital is tied up at once, reducing liquidity.